Function Reference
Quick reference for the most-used Google Sheets functions. Syntax, arguments, and examples for VLOOKUP, QUERY, SUMIF, IF, and more.
=CONCATENATE(string1, [string2, ...]) CONCATENATE joins two or more text strings into one. Syntax, examples for names and addresses, and when to use alternatives.
=COUNTIF(range, criterion) COUNTIF counts the number of cells in a range that match a condition. Syntax, wildcard examples, and fixes for common errors.
=DATEDIF(start_date, end_date, unit) DATEDIF calculates the difference between two dates in years, months, or days. Syntax, unit codes, examples, and common errors.
=IF(logical_expression, value_if_true, value_if_false) Learn how to use the IF function in Google Sheets to return different values based on whether a condition is true or false.
=IFERROR(value, [value_if_error]) IFERROR catches errors and returns a fallback value instead of an error message.
=IFS(condition1, value1, [condition2, value2, ...]) IFS evaluates multiple conditions and returns the value for the first one that is TRUE.
=IMPORTRANGE(spreadsheet_url, range_string) IMPORTRANGE imports a range of cells from one Google Sheets spreadsheet into another. Syntax, examples, and access permission errors.
=INDEX(reference, [row], [column]) INDEX returns the value of a cell in a range based on the row and column numbers you specify. Syntax, examples, and common errors.
=MATCH(search_key, range, [search_type]) MATCH returns the relative position of a value within a one-dimensional range. Syntax, examples, and common errors explained.
=QUERY(data, query, [headers]) QUERY filters, sorts, and summarizes data using a SQL-like query language.
=SUM(value1, [value2, ...]) Sum a column in Google Sheets with =SUM(B2:B20), total a column that keeps growing, see a quick sum without a formula, and fix totals that come out wrong.
=SUMIF(range, criterion, [sum_range]) SUMIF adds values in a range that meet a condition you specify. Syntax, practical examples, and fixes for common errors.
=TODAY() TODAY returns the current date and updates automatically on each recalculation. Syntax, examples, and how it behaves.
=VLOOKUP(search_key, range, index, [is_sorted]) VLOOKUP searches down the first column of a range and returns a value from any column in the same row. Syntax, examples, and errors.
=XLOOKUP(search_key, lookup_range, result_range, [missing_value], [match_mode], [search_mode]) XLOOKUP searches a range for a key and returns a value from a result range. A more flexible replacement for VLOOKUP with built-in error handling.